鎳價觸及五年高位 印尼宣布提前停止鎳礦砂出口
Indonesia to ban nickel exports from January 2020
CP-MG 20190903 10:30
資料來源：聯合新聞、科技新報、Jakata Post
圖片來源： 科技新報
CP-MG 20190903 10:30
資料來源：聯合新聞、科技新報、Jakata Post
圖片來源： 科技新報
金屬期貨方面，鎳價週一（9/2）仍持續刷新 5 年高，成為走勢最突顯的基本金屬。
路透社、英國金融時報報導，印尼政府確認，從明年初起所有鎳礦都將面臨出口禁令後，LME 3 個月鎳期貨隨即在2 日上揚至每公噸18,785 美元；盤中最高一度勁揚5.3 % 至18,850 美元，創近5 年新高，延續上週五（8/30）的9% 漲勢。這已經遠高於夏季以來的最低點 11,500 美元。
聯合國旗下機構國際鎳研究組（International Nickel Study Group，INSG）報告顯示，印尼是全球最大鎳礦生產國，去年供給量佔全球 26%。這項禁令勢必會影響到全球最大鎳消費國──中國。大多數的鎳礦都運送至中國，並處理成鎳生鐵（nickel pig iron，NPI），是純鎳的便宜替代品。
BMO Capital Markets 分析師 Colin Hamilton 指出，印尼的決定，不但切斷中國鎳生鐵產業的主要原料供應原，還會讓鎳在未來幾年面臨每年 10 萬噸左右的供給缺口。
印尼的鎳礦出口禁令雖然早在 2014 年就已對外宣布，但 2017 年政府曾說會允許低等級的鎳礦出口直到 2022 年。然而，印尼政府如今卻說出口會全面禁止，對業界投下震撼彈。
高盛預測，鎳價將因為上述禁令，在未來三個月跳漲至每公噸 20,000 美元，對大型客戶帶來相當多不確定因素。
印尼之所以決定對鎳礦下達出口禁令，目的是在加快國內冶煉產能的發展。與此同時，印尼總統佐科威（Joko Widodo）希望能打造電動車產業，認為鈷、鎳等關鍵原物料，是印尼重要的競爭優勢。
印尼能源暨礦產資源部採礦及煤炭局局長 Bambang Gatot Ariyono 2 日對記者表示，政府評估所有利弊之後，決定加快擴充冶煉產能，並禁止所有等級的鎳礦出口。他解釋，最新的科技顯示，就連低等級的鎳礦，也能應用於電池。
Ariyono 並說，製作鋁的關鍵原物料鋁土礦（bauxite）及銅精礦（copper concentrate），仍會持續出口至 2022 年。
鎳價週一觸及五年最高價位，受供應短缺疑慮所拖累。最大鎳生產國印尼宣布，將從明年1月開始停止礦砂出口，比原訂計劃的時間提前兩年。
倫敦金屬交易所(LME)鎳期貨收漲0.9%至每噸18,060美元，今年以來上漲近70%。鎳價一度觸及每噸18,850美元，創2014年9月以來最高水準。
Benchmark Mineral Intelligence分析師Caspar Rawles告訴路透：「是時間落差的問題，而非供應問題，不過未來隨著電池業的需求增長，我們將面臨供應問題。」
鎳是電動車使用的可充電鋰電池的基本材料之一，而隨著各國政府與消費者力求減少化石燃料汽車的有害排放，電動車的銷售料將激增。
印尼禁止出口鎳礦砂，是希望礦砂能就地加工，若能加大產能，應可解決供應短缺的問題。
不過，ING分析師發布報告說：「禁令恐導致全球鎳市短期出現供給大幅消失，當地鎔鑄廠產能仍不足以完全加工當地產出的鎳礦砂。
The Energy and Mineral Resources Ministry has announced that Indonesia will stop nickel exports as of Jan. 1 next year to accelerate the establishment of domestic smelters while its nickel reserves are limited.
According to coal and minerals director general Bambang Gatot Ariyono, Indonesia would need 81 million tons nickel ore supply per year as it currently has 11 working smelters and would build 25 more.
Bambang said that the ban of nickel ore exports was in line with the national plan to accelerate the establishment of smelters so that Indonesia could sell value-added nickel products such as stainless steel slabs.
“We already exported 38 million tons up until July this year. At this rate, we would need to think about our reserves especially if we keep issuing exports permits,” he said at a press conference on Monday.
Indonesia mostly exports raw nickel ore instead of intermediate products such as batteries and stainless steel.
“We would stop exporting all quality of nickel, not just ore with 1.7 percent nickel,” he told the press.
Bambang said the government is giving mining companies four months to complete their exports contracts as all exports would need to be completed by Dec. 31.
The date is two years earlier than the government’s initial plan to ban nickel ore exports in January 2022.
Indonesia was the world’s largest nickel producer in 2018 with 560,000 tons. The nation’s average production is expected to grow 8.1 percent in the 2018-2027 period, outperforming all other global nickel producers such as the Philippines and Canada.
Indonesia had proven reserves of about 698 million tons of nickel that could be mined for the next seven to eight years.
Bambang acknowledged that Indonesia actually had potential reserves of 2.8 billion tons of nickel but they needed to be explored. (eyc)
路透社、英國金融時報報導，印尼政府確認，從明年初起所有鎳礦都將面臨出口禁令後，LME 3 個月鎳期貨隨即在2 日上揚至每公噸18,785 美元；盤中最高一度勁揚5.3 % 至18,850 美元，創近5 年新高，延續上週五（8/30）的9% 漲勢。這已經遠高於夏季以來的最低點 11,500 美元。
聯合國旗下機構國際鎳研究組（International Nickel Study Group，INSG）報告顯示，印尼是全球最大鎳礦生產國，去年供給量佔全球 26%。這項禁令勢必會影響到全球最大鎳消費國──中國。大多數的鎳礦都運送至中國，並處理成鎳生鐵（nickel pig iron，NPI），是純鎳的便宜替代品。
BMO Capital Markets 分析師 Colin Hamilton 指出，印尼的決定，不但切斷中國鎳生鐵產業的主要原料供應原，還會讓鎳在未來幾年面臨每年 10 萬噸左右的供給缺口。
印尼的鎳礦出口禁令雖然早在 2014 年就已對外宣布，但 2017 年政府曾說會允許低等級的鎳礦出口直到 2022 年。然而，印尼政府如今卻說出口會全面禁止，對業界投下震撼彈。
高盛預測，鎳價將因為上述禁令，在未來三個月跳漲至每公噸 20,000 美元，對大型客戶帶來相當多不確定因素。
印尼之所以決定對鎳礦下達出口禁令，目的是在加快國內冶煉產能的發展。與此同時，印尼總統佐科威（Joko Widodo）希望能打造電動車產業，認為鈷、鎳等關鍵原物料，是印尼重要的競爭優勢。
印尼能源暨礦產資源部採礦及煤炭局局長 Bambang Gatot Ariyono 2 日對記者表示，政府評估所有利弊之後，決定加快擴充冶煉產能，並禁止所有等級的鎳礦出口。他解釋，最新的科技顯示，就連低等級的鎳礦，也能應用於電池。
Ariyono 並說，製作鋁的關鍵原物料鋁土礦（bauxite）及銅精礦（copper concentrate），仍會持續出口至 2022 年。
鎳價週一觸及五年最高價位，受供應短缺疑慮所拖累。最大鎳生產國印尼宣布，將從明年1月開始停止礦砂出口，比原訂計劃的時間提前兩年。
倫敦金屬交易所(LME)鎳期貨收漲0.9%至每噸18,060美元，今年以來上漲近70%。鎳價一度觸及每噸18,850美元，創2014年9月以來最高水準。
Benchmark Mineral Intelligence分析師Caspar Rawles告訴路透：「是時間落差的問題，而非供應問題，不過未來隨著電池業的需求增長，我們將面臨供應問題。」
鎳是電動車使用的可充電鋰電池的基本材料之一，而隨著各國政府與消費者力求減少化石燃料汽車的有害排放，電動車的銷售料將激增。
印尼禁止出口鎳礦砂，是希望礦砂能就地加工，若能加大產能，應可解決供應短缺的問題。
不過，ING分析師發布報告說：「禁令恐導致全球鎳市短期出現供給大幅消失，當地鎔鑄廠產能仍不足以完全加工當地產出的鎳礦砂。
The Energy and Mineral Resources Ministry has announced that Indonesia will stop nickel exports as of Jan. 1 next year to accelerate the establishment of domestic smelters while its nickel reserves are limited.
According to coal and minerals director general Bambang Gatot Ariyono, Indonesia would need 81 million tons nickel ore supply per year as it currently has 11 working smelters and would build 25 more.
Bambang said that the ban of nickel ore exports was in line with the national plan to accelerate the establishment of smelters so that Indonesia could sell value-added nickel products such as stainless steel slabs.
“We already exported 38 million tons up until July this year. At this rate, we would need to think about our reserves especially if we keep issuing exports permits,” he said at a press conference on Monday.
Indonesia mostly exports raw nickel ore instead of intermediate products such as batteries and stainless steel.
“We would stop exporting all quality of nickel, not just ore with 1.7 percent nickel,” he told the press.
Bambang said the government is giving mining companies four months to complete their exports contracts as all exports would need to be completed by Dec. 31.
The date is two years earlier than the government’s initial plan to ban nickel ore exports in January 2022.
Indonesia was the world’s largest nickel producer in 2018 with 560,000 tons. The nation’s average production is expected to grow 8.1 percent in the 2018-2027 period, outperforming all other global nickel producers such as the Philippines and Canada.
Indonesia had proven reserves of about 698 million tons of nickel that could be mined for the next seven to eight years.
Bambang acknowledged that Indonesia actually had potential reserves of 2.8 billion tons of nickel but they needed to be explored. (eyc)